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Japan National Holidays

Japan National Holidays

New Year's Day (Ganjitsu) - January 1

New Year’s Day is one of Japan’s most significant holidays, marking the start of the new year. Families celebrate by gathering for special meals, including “osechi ryori,” a traditional multi-course meal. Many participate in “hatsumode,” the first shrine visit of the year, to pray for health and happiness. This day is filled with various customs, such as sending New Year’s cards and engaging in traditional games, making it a time of reflection, renewal, and family bonding.

Coming of Age Day (Seijin no Hi) - January 8

Coming of Age Day celebrates young people turning 20, the age of legal adulthood in Japan. Ceremonies are held at local city offices, where new adults are congratulated and encouraged to embrace their responsibilities. Many young women wear beautiful kimonos, while men typically don suits or traditional hakama. The day fosters community spirit and emphasizes the importance of maturity, marking a significant transition in the lives of the youth.

National Foundation Day (Kenkoku Kinen no Hi) - February 11

National Foundation Day commemorates the legendary founding of Japan by Emperor Jimmu in 660 B.C. The holiday is observed with ceremonies and events that reflect on Japan’s history and identity. Many people visit shrines to honor their ancestors and appreciate the country’s cultural heritage. Although celebrations are not as festive as other holidays, it encourages citizens to contemplate their connection to Japan’s past and aspirations for the future.

The Emperor's Birthday (Tennou Tanjoubi) - February 23

The Emperor’s Birthday celebrates the current emperor’s birthday, providing a unique opportunity for the public to show respect for the imperial family. On this day, the Imperial Palace opens its grounds for public access, allowing citizens to greet the emperor and empress. Special ceremonies and events are held across the nation, fostering national pride and reflecting the cultural significance of the emperor in Japanese society.

Vernal Equinox Day (Shunbun no Hi) - March 20

Vernal Equinox Day marks the arrival of spring and is a time for families to honor their ancestors. People visit graves to clean them and offer seasonal foods, emphasizing respect for nature and the changing seasons. The holiday encourages reflection on the balance of day and night, symbolizing renewal. Many take this opportunity to enjoy cherry blossoms and engage in hanami (flower viewing) picnics, celebrating Japan’s natural beauty.

Shōwa Day (Shōwa no Hi) - April 29

Shōwa Day honors the birthday of Emperor Shōwa (Hirohito), who reigned from 1926 to 1989. This holiday encourages reflection on the events and changes during the Shōwa era, including Japan’s post-war recovery and economic growth. Many people engage in outdoor activities and visit parks to enjoy the spring weather. The day marks the beginning of the Golden Week holiday period, one of Japan’s busiest travel seasons.

Constitution Memorial Day (Kenpo Kinenbi) - May 3

Constitution Memorial Day commemorates the promulgation of Japan’s post-war constitution in 1947. The day serves as a reminder of the importance of democracy, civil rights, and the rule of law. Various events, including lectures and discussions, promote awareness of constitutional rights. Many citizens take the day off to relax and enjoy leisure activities, fostering a deeper understanding of the democratic values enshrined in the constitution.

Greenery Day (Midori no Hi) - May 4

Greenery Day celebrates nature and the environment, encouraging people to appreciate the outdoors and promote conservation. Established to reflect on the importance of green spaces, the holiday often involves outdoor activities such as hiking and gardening. Many people visit parks and gardens, enjoying the beauty of nature. It also promotes awareness of environmental issues, fostering a culture of sustainability and appreciation for Japan’s rich natural heritage.

Children's Day (Kodomo no Hi) - May 5

Children’s Day celebrates the health and happiness of children, emphasizing the importance of family. Traditionally, families display koinobori (carp-shaped windsocks) outside their homes, symbolizing strength and perseverance. The holiday also involves celebrating boys with displays of samurai dolls and armor. Families often enjoy festive meals, including rice and sweets shaped like carp, creating a joyful atmosphere that encourages parents to wish for their children’s growth and success.

Marine Day (Umi no Hi) - July 15

Marine Day celebrates the ocean’s significance to Japan, an island nation reliant on the sea for resources and transportation. The holiday promotes awareness of maritime activities and the importance of ocean conservation. Coastal areas often host events, including beach clean-ups and marine sports. Many families take the opportunity to enjoy seaside picnics, fostering appreciation for the natural beauty and resources provided by the ocean.

Mountain Day (Yama no Hi) - August 11

Mountain Day is dedicated to celebrating Japan’s mountainous landscapes and promoting outdoor activities. The holiday encourages citizens to appreciate the beauty of nature and engage in hiking and other mountain-related pursuits. Many people use the long weekend for family outings and adventures in the countryside, fostering a connection to Japan’s rich natural heritage. It highlights the importance of mountains in Japanese culture and their role in providing recreation and tranquility.

Respect for the Aged Day (Keiro no Hi) - September 16

Respect for the Aged Day honors the elderly, celebrating their contributions to society and promoting awareness of their well-being. Communities organize events to recognize seniors, providing opportunities for families to express gratitude. Many people visit nursing homes or participate in local activities designed for older adults. Traditional gifts and meals are often given to elderly family members, reinforcing the cultural value of honoring wisdom and experience in Japanese society.

Autumnal Equinox Day (Shubun no Hi) - September 22

Autumnal Equinox Day marks the change of seasons, encouraging people to reflect on nature and honor their ancestors. Traditionally, families visit graves to clean them and offer seasonal foods. The holiday emphasizes the balance of day and night, symbolizing gratitude for the harvest. Many people engage in outdoor activities, enjoying the cooler weather and beautiful autumn scenery, fostering a deeper connection to Japan’s cultural and natural heritage.

Health and Sports Day (Taiiku no Hi) - October 14

Health and Sports Day promotes physical activity and a healthy lifestyle, commemorating the 1964 Tokyo Olympics. Communities organize sporting events and activities, encouraging participation at all ages. Schools often host athletic competitions, fostering teamwork and sportsmanship. This holiday emphasizes the importance of physical fitness, mental well-being, and community engagement, inspiring citizens to adopt active lifestyles and appreciate the benefits of exercise.

Culture Day (Bunka no Hi) - November 3

Culture Day is dedicated to promoting culture, the arts, and academic pursuits. The holiday encourages appreciation for Japan’s artistic heritage through various events, exhibitions, and performances. Schools and institutions often hold open houses, showcasing students’ work. Citizens are encouraged to engage in cultural activities, such as visiting museums and attending concerts, fostering a deeper understanding of Japan’s diverse cultural landscape and encouraging participation in the arts.

Labour Thanksgiving Day (Kinro Kansha no Hi) - November 23

Labour Thanksgiving Day celebrates the contributions of workers and expresses gratitude for their efforts. The holiday encourages appreciation for labor and community solidarity, with events focused on volunteer activities and giving back. Many people take the day off to spend time with family and friends, fostering a sense of community and highlighting the importance of work-life balance. It serves as a reminder of the value of hard work in building a better society.